Parshuram upazila on the north, Feni Sadar and Chhagalnaiya upazilas on the south, Tripura State of India on the east and west.

Phulgazi thana was established in 1975 and was turned into an upazila on 27 March 2002. It consists of 6 unions and 80 villages.

Phulgazi Upazila is located in Feni District. Upazilla(s)/Thana(s) in Feni are Chhagalnaiya Upazila, Daganbhuiyan Upazila, Feni Sadar Upazila, Parshuram Upazila, Phulgazi Upazila, Sonagazi Upazila.